Nursing Research Methods: Article Critique Essay

Nursing inquiry Methods Article Critique EssayTitle Factors think to schoolman success among nurse savants A descriptive correlational statisticsal seek needSamina Iqbal KanjiThe clause under critique is a quantitative research study titled as Factors related to schoolman success among care for students A descriptive correlational research study published in the year 2013. I will be critiquing this article correspond to the provided guideline. Title of the study under concern is unambiguous, thus capturing the population and phenomenon of interest. Addition each(prenominal)y, the abstract is structured and is providing info under separate headings.The troubleThe described problem is of great importance to nursing, because increased nursing shortage is posing a threat to the health industry in terms of competency and quality of fretting by the nursing staff. The police detective has critically dismemberd the signifi goatce in terms of the relation between the academic success and its effects on the fill-in of existing nursing staff The purpose of the research has been explained and the study will fulfill its purpose by providing an insight to the nursing education system to start changes in curricula for improved results. As prior knowledge round the variables has already been discussed with other students therefore to precede the level of inquiry a quantitative move up is used as the purpose is to know about the correlations. There was no operational definition mentioned explicitly about the research variables however their correlation with academic success has been buy the farmn in other contexts. There was no explicit problem statement present in the introduction however, data linkages were made following the immense to narrow approach. Thus, provide an insight in to the nursing practice. The researcher has acknowledged the limitations of the study in terms of example bias, low generalizability and distinguishable results at measure due to the spiritual component. There were no explicit assumptions described however one tolerate infer from the introduction that giving an answer to the factors affecting academic success deal in long run help in combat the effects of nursing shortage. canvass of the litThe review provided in the study was comprehensive, logical and critically analyzed, hence gave sequential information ranging from the admission of the nursing students, factors important for their academic success, associations between different factors and academic success and finally the botch of the study i-e correlation of factors with academic success of nursing students. The relationship of the literature review to the research purpose is unambiguously evident by using a funnel approach. In addition, most of the references were taken from the year 1982-2012. Those with old references were explicitly supported by their presence in the latest literature. The review consists of almost all of the theoretica l work, though if empirical support could have made this review stronger. Besides, almost all of the researches were from primary sources and were paraphrased adequately. The information provided in the review clearly gives a way for conducting a new research moreover, researcher has also acknowledged this chess opening at the end of the literature review i-e there is a gap of researches done for the improvement of academic success of nursing students.Protection of human rightsThe proposed study has been designed to lessen the effects of issues occurring as a result of nursing shortage i-e decreased quality of care, decreased number of competent nurses, and increased rates of nursing students turnover. Besides, the results of this study will non solitary(prenominal) affect the whole health care system, but it will affect the professional growth and academic success of individual nursing student. The evidence of volunteer informed consent has been mentioned explicitly that was se nt to participants via electronic medium. There was no evidence present explicitly for coercion. As the have was done conveniently, therefore, participants were not invited during periods of mellow stress rather they were asked to fill the research questioners in their own time. There was no way to identify about the identities of study participants as their data was structured anonymously on survey monkey software and also provided with numerical codes.. There is an explicit evidence of study review by Institutional Review Board (IRB).Theoretical/ abstract FrameworkThe researcher has not acknowledged the use of any theoretical / conceptual framework. According to Burns and Grove (2010), descriptive studies do not require any theoretical framework as the purpose is still to explore and describe phenomenon. The researcher may have conceptualized by looking the effects of different variable on the academic success. According to Burns and Grove (2010), at times elementary concepts a bout the variables make the conceptual frameworks and are present at the start of the study but are not acknowledge by the researcher and are referred as implicit frameworks. The research problem flows from the background knowledge. Concepts such as nursing shortage, student attrition, and academic success are briefly described.HypothesisThe researcher has not stated supposal explicitly. However, there absence is justified in Polit and Beck (2012) that the purpose of descriptive correlational design is to describe the nature and relation between different variables and hypothesis generation rather than concluding about casualty. However, on the other hand, Coughlan, Cronin and Ryan (2007) suggest that correlational designs approaches the relationship either via hypothesis testing of answering research question. But, researcher has not explicitly mentioned about his study research question also which could be a negative critique. Academic success in this study serves as the babeli ke variable, however emotional intelligence psychological empowerment resilience and spiritual easybeing plays the part of independent variables respectively. As it as a non-experimental design, therefore predictions cant be made about the intervention or control group.SamplingThe researcher wants to generalize the study findings to all the nursing students, and has described it well. The seat population is appropriate according to the research problem and resource limitation, as it would have been actually difficult to cater all nursing students keeping in mind the cost constraints, human, and material resources. The researcher has clearly defined the selection process that is convenient sampling and snowballing via professors of the universities. The sampling method used fits very well with the level of inquiry and research design. This point was supported by Polit and Beck (2012) that in descriptive correlational studies the purpose is to explore the initial relationships betw een variables without knowing about the conclusions therefore, self-selection or convenient sampling methods are use. Moreover, as the researcher is unaware about the existence of relationship in nursing students therefore choosing this sampling dodging would be cost effective. There are no potential sampling biases explicitly described in the study. However, according to Rebecca (2010) one of the limitation of convenient sampling is selection bias itself, therefore potential biases could have been existed. The researcher has used power analysis to calculate sample size. However, according to Rebecca (2010), the acceptable standard for cypher power analysis is alpha 0.05, moderate effect size, and power of 0.80. The researcher has used very small power therefore sample is not sufficiently large to generalize it to the whole population. The generalizations can be made cautiously to the nursing students. There were no control groups present, however, exclusion criteria is used to v erify a representative sample. There is no evidence of minimizing sampling error yet if large sample size was used then it could have been minimized.Research tropeThe design used for this study is a non-experimental design named as descriptive correlational study. This design comes under the category of level II studies and according to Rebecca (2010), correlational studies are used when the researcher wants to answer about the relationship between the variables whose nature has been described either by prior researches or literature synthesis. After going through the article and other literatures, researcher has selected an appropriate study design. One could say that researchers have already been done on students in addressing the relationship of this variable as the researcher acknowledged its absence in nursing students therefore it was a wise decision because stressors could be different for students with different programs. There is no discussion about the effects of extraneo us variables and their control, however he has discussed the application of regression to analyses unique predictors however he was not thriving with the regression models. The information provided in this study can permit the study replication in other nursing universities. Moreover, as this was a religious university, therefore replicating the research in non-religious universities could give better understanding about the relationship between spiritual wellbeing and academic success.Data CollectionThe data solicitation instruments used by the researcher were MayerSaloveyCaruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT), Spreitzer mental Empowerment Scale, Wagnild and Young Resilience Scale, the Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWBS), and the background information of the participants. There were selection reason described, they are explained sufficiently. The research instrument by their characteristics showed congruency with the research question.. The researcher has described the use o f different types of validity (face, content, discriminant, incremental, convergent) for each of the instruments where possible. Moreover, to ensure the reliability, the researcher has run reliability coefficients. According to Polit and Beck (2012), ensuring the validity and reliability of an instrument is important for the quality and results accuracy of the study results. The results of these tests of validity and reliability are adequacy for their usage as they are analyzed for both showing stronger correlations separately. Since the reliabilities of the instruments were stronger ranging from 0.85 to 0.91 respectively and they were valid therefore they were suitable to for use with the study sample keeping in mind the four factors to be analyzed via them.Quantitative AnalysisThe researcher has used descriptive statistics (means, standard deviations, and percentages) and Pearsons correlation using the PASW statistics 18 to analyze the data. According to Coughlan, Cronin and Ryan (2007), descriptive studies results are analyzed via descriptive statistics. Moreover, according to Polit and Beck (2012), correlation between two variables is described through correlation procedures mainly through correlation coefficient. Therefore, the analysis methods fit with both the level of inquiry a research design. The level of measurement in this study for all variables is quantitative ratio in nature. According to Polit and Beck (2012), Pearsons correlation coefficient are used when the variable under study either belong to interval or ratio level of measurement. The link between the data analysis and findings has been made clear unambiguously by the researcher. Moreover, the researcher has used Pearson correlation(r) and p value to show the degree of relationship and statistical analysis for each variable, and described them very clearly altogether to show the relationship logically. At times researcher has gone beyond the data to learn the result, for example in meas uring emotional intelligence the researcher has analyzed the differences between graduate and undergraduate students by the type of stressors. The statistical result is very well presented in the text but numerical presentation could have been better in the form of showing all results and statistics altogether. The provided results by correlation coefficient and p value are giving enough evidence about the correctness of the results. There were no graphical displays shown by the researcher, however according to Polit and Beck (2012), correlation relationships can be shown through scatter plots.Conclusions and recommendationsThe results of the data analysis were unambiguously explained in terms of the research purpose for undergraduate and graduate students separately. Through this the reader can make decisions about the correlation between different factors affecting academic success easily. The generalization of these findings can be questionable due to small sample size and conven ient nature of the design, thus posing a threat to external validity. The results of the findings can indirectly affect our patients as such factors could lead to students retention thereby welcoming more qualified nurses to provide competent care to the patients. There are no risk identified by the study findings however, such results could provide an insight to the nursing educators in renewing the curriculum to bring positive long-term results. In the discussion section the researcher has given recommendation in the light of literature and study findings for improving teaching strategies. Moreover, future researches for academic planning has also been proposed, however no such discussion has been made about nursing practice. Though the study needs cautious generalizations in terms of small sample size, still can give insight for replication, experimental studies for future policy makingReferencesAmerican Psychological Association. (2010). Publication manual of the American psycho logical association (6th ed.). Washington, DC American Psychological AssociationBurns, N., Grove, S. K. (2010). Understanding nursing research Building an evidence-based practice. Elsevier Health Sciences.Coughlan, M., Cronin, P., Ryan, F. (2007). Step-by-step guide to critiquing research.Part 1 quantitative research. British Journal of Nursing, 16(11), 658-663Keele, R. (2010). Nursing Research and Evidence-Based Practice. Jones Bartlett Publishers.Polit, D.F. Beck, C.T. (2012). Nursing research Generating and assessing evidence fornursing practice (9th ed.). Philadelphia Lippincott Williams Wilkins